Class 10 Sample Paper of Science and Technology Part 1 Set 1 is designed specifically for SSC Class 10th semi-english medium students studying under the Maharashtra State Board. It serves as an excellent practice tool for semi-English medium students to enhance their understanding and prepare effectively for the board exams. The paper includes solved questions, detailed explanations, and references to diagrams where necessary. By working through this Class 10 Sample Solved Paper, students can gain clarity on key concepts and improve their problem-solving skills. This resource follows the revised syllabus, ensuring alignment with the latest exam patterns and marking schemes.
The SI unit of heat is:
(A) Calorie
(B) Joule
(C) Kcal/kg°C
(D) Cal/g°C
Answer: (B) Joule
Explanation: Joule is the standard SI unit for measuring heat as well as other forms of energy.We can see the sun even when it is slightly below the horizon because of:
(A) Reflection of light
(B) Refraction of light
(C) Dispersion of light
(D) Absorption of light
Answer: (B) Refraction of light
Explanation: The bending of light through Earth’s atmosphere causes the apparent position of the sun to shift, enabling us to see it even when it is below the horizon.The functional group of carboxylic acid is:
(A) —COOH
(B) —CO—
(C) —CHO—
(D) —OH
Answer: (A) —COOH
Explanation: The —COOH group characterizes carboxylic acids and is responsible for their acidic properties.In a simple microscope, the lens used is:
(A) Concave
(B) Plano concave
(C) Plano convex
(D) Convex
Answer: (D) Convex
Explanation: A convex lens magnifies objects and is used in simple microscopes for viewing small objects.In the process of depositing a layer of molten tin on metals, the process is:
(A) Anodization
(B) Tinning
(C) Galvanizing
(D) Alloying
Answer: (B) Tinning
Explanation: Tinning involves coating a layer of tin to prevent corrosion and improve the appearance of the metal.
Name the atom having the smallest size.
Answer: The hydrogen atom has the smallest size among all atoms.Write the molecular formula of calcium carbonate.
Answer: The molecular formula of calcium carbonate is CaCO₃.Mention one use of a calorimeter.
Answer: A calorimeter is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes.Identify the hydrocarbon from the given electron-dot structure.
Answer: Based on the diagram, it represents methane (CH₄).
5. Match the Columns:
Column A – Refractive Index of Water
Column B – (a) 1.31, (b) 1.36, (c) 1.33
Answer: The refractive index of water is (c) 1.33.
Explain why lime water turns milky when the gas formed on heating limestone is passed through it.
Answer: When carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) is passed through lime water (Ca(OH)₂), it reacts to form calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), which is insoluble and gives a milky appearance.Why is tungsten metal used for making a solenoid-type coil in electric bulbs?
Answer: Tungsten has a very high melting point and excellent electrical resistance, making it ideal for withstanding the high temperatures in bulbs.Explain why silver articles turn blackish when exposed to air over time.
Answer: Silver reacts with sulfur compounds in the air, forming a layer of silver sulfide (Ag₂S), which appears black.
State Dobereiner’s law of triads with an example.
Answer: Dobereiner’s law states that in a triad of elements, the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately the average of the other two. For example, lithium (Li), sodium (Na), and potassium (K) form a triad.Identify the figure and explain its use.
Answer: Based on the diagram (reference on page 6/N 640), it is a simple microscope used for magnifying small objects in biology and material sciences.
3. Define a satellite launch vehicle and name any one Indian launch vehicle.
Answer: A satellite launch vehicle is a rocket designed to transport satellites into orbit. An example of an Indian satellite launch vehicle is PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle).
4. Define free fall and state when it is possible.
Answer: Free fall occurs when an object moves under the influence of gravity alone, with no other forces acting on it. It is possible in a vacuum where air resistance is absent.
5. If the focal length of a convex lens is 20 cm, calculate its power.
Answer: The power of a lens P=f/100.
For 𝑓=20 cm, 𝑃=100/20 = 5 D (diopters).
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate options to classify elements based on the periodic table.
(Metals, non-metals, metalloids, four, seven, s-block, p-block, d-block, f-block)
On the basis of electronic configuration, elements in the modern periodic table are classified into four blocks. Groups 1 and 2 elements are included in s-block, and all these elements are metals (except Hydrogen). Group 13 to 18 elements are included in p-block. This block contains metals, non-metals, and metalloids. Group 3 to 12 elements are included in d-block, and all the elements are metals. The elements shown at the bottom of the periodic table, i.e., Lanthanides and Actinides, constitute the f-block, and all these elements are metals.Discuss factors affecting the rate of a chemical reaction and explain one factor.
Answer:
The factors affecting the rate of a chemical reaction include temperature, concentration of reactants, surface area, and the presence of a catalyst.
Explanation of one factor: Increasing temperature typically increases the rate of reaction because it provides particles with more kinetic energy to overcome the activation energy barrier.Observe the following graph and answer the following questions:
(a) What does the graph represent?
Answer: The graph represents the change in energy during a chemical reaction, depicting reactants, products, and activation energy.
(b) What does the line AB represent?
Answer: The line AB represents the energy required to initiate the reaction, also known as activation energy.
(c) What does the line BC represent?
Answer: The line BC represents the energy released during the reaction, showing the formation of products.
4. Complete a table based on visual figures for lens defects and corrections.
| Points | Figure 1 (Left) | Figure 2 (Right) |
|---|
| (a) Name of the defect | Myopia (Short-sightedness) | Hypermetropia (Long-sightedness) |
| (b) Position of the image | In front of the retina | Behind the retina |
| (c) Lens used to correct the defect | Concave lens | Convex lens |
5. List three general properties of ionic compounds.
Answer:
- Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.
- They are soluble in water but insoluble in non-polar solvents.
- In molten or aqueous states, ionic compounds conduct electricity due to the movement of ions.
6. Observe the figure and answer the questions:
(a) State Newton’s universal law of gravitation.
Answer: Every object in the universe attracts every other object with a force proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
(b) If the distance between the two bodies is tripled, how will the gravitational force between them change?
Answer: The gravitational force will decrease to one-ninth of its original value, as it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.
(c) What will happen to gravitational force if the mass of one of the objects is doubled?
Answer: The gravitational force will also double, as it is directly proportional to the product of the masses.
7. The orbit of a satellite is exactly 35780 km above the Earth’s surface, and its tangential velocity is 3.08 km/s. How much time will the satellite take to complete one revolution around the Earth?
Answer:
The total radius of the orbit = Earth’s radius (6400 km) + altitude (35780 km) = 42180 km.
The circumference of the orbit = 2π×42180 km.
Time = Circumference÷Velocity=2π×42180/3.08
Approximate time = 24 hours.
8. Define a solenoid, draw its diagram, and label its components.
Answer: A solenoid is a coil of wire wound in a cylindrical shape that produces a magnetic field when an electric current passes through it. Components include the coil, current flow, and magnetic field lines
- Observe the given diagram and answer the questions:
(a) Name the process shown in the figure.
Answer: The process is refraction and dispersion of light through a prism.
(b) Name the colour that deviates the most.
Answer: Violet deviates the most because it has the shortest wavelength.
(c) Name the colour that deviates the least.
Answer: Red deviates the least because it has the longest wavelength.
(d) Name any one phenomenon in nature based on the above process.
Answer: The formation of a rainbow is based on dispersion and refraction of light.
(e) Define ‘spectrum.’
Answer: Spectrum refers to the band of colors produced when white light is dispersed into its constituent wavelengths.
2. Observe the diagram given below and answer the questions:
(a) Name the reactants in this reaction.
Answer: The reactants are sodium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric acid.
(b) Which gas comes out as effervescence in the bigger test tube?
Answer: Carbon dioxide (CO₂) gas is released.
(c) What is the colour change in the lime water?
Answer: The lime water turns milky due to the formation of calcium carbonate.
(d) In the above experiment, instead of sodium carbonate, which chemical can be used to get the same products?
Answer: Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) can be used to produce the same products.
(e) Write the use of acetic acid.
Answer: Acetic acid is commonly used as a preservative in food and as a cleaning agent.
