Class 10 Sample Paper of Science and Technology Part 2 Set 1

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Class 10 Sample Paper of Science and Technology Part 2 Set 1 is an essential resource tailored for SSC Class 10th semi-English medium students under the Maharashtra State Board. This sample paper provides a well-rounded preparation experience, helping students grasp complex scientific concepts with ease. Packed with solved questions, in-depth explanations, and diagram references where required, it acts as a comprehensive guide to excel in board exams. The paper is structured to encourage analytical thinking, improve problem-solving skills, and boost confidence in tackling exam questions. Aligned with the revised syllabus and the latest exam patterns, this Class 10 Sample Solved Paper ensures students are well-prepared to achieve academic excellence while fostering a deeper interest in science and technology.

Question 1 (A): Choose and write correct option number as answer (5 Marks)

  1. Regeneration occurs in ………………….. .
    (A) amoeba
    (B) paramoecium
    (C) euglena
    (D) planaria
    Answer: (D) planaria
    Explanation: Planaria has the ability to regenerate, where its body can regrow into a complete organism from a severed part.

  2. Lactobacillus brevis gives us the beverage ………………… .
    (A) cocoa
    (B) coffee
    (C) wine
    (D) cider
    Answer: (D) cider
    Explanation: Lactobacillus brevis is a bacterium that ferments sugars to produce cider, a popular alcoholic beverage.

  3. A minor change occurs due to the change in position of any nucleotide is termed as ……………….. .
    (A) transcription
    (B) translocation
    (C) mutation
    (D) translation
    Answer: (C) mutation
    Explanation: A mutation is a minor or major change in the DNA sequence, which can occur due to changes in the position of nucleotides.

  4. Atomic power plant in Maharashtra is ……………….. .
    (A) Chandrapur
    (B) Koyana
    (C) Tarapur
    (D) Anjanwel
    Answer: (C) Tarapur
    Explanation: The Tarapur Atomic Power Station in Maharashtra is India’s first and oldest commercial nuclear power plant.

  5. Example of phylum Arthropoda is …………………. .
    (A) scorpion
    (B) starfish
    (C) earthworm
    (D) hydra
    Answer: (A) scorpion
    Explanation: Arthropods, such as scorpions, have segmented bodies, jointed appendages, and exoskeletons.

Question 1 (B): Solve the following (5 Marks)

  1. Pick the odd man out:
    duckbill platypus, pomfret, lungfish, peripatus.
    Answer: Pomfret
    Explanation: Pomfret is a fish, while the other examples are land-based or amphibious animals with unique evolutionary traits.

  2. Write co-relation:
    Skin : Melanin : : Pancreas : …………………
    Answer: Insulin
    Explanation: Just as melanin is a pigment secreted by the skin, insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas for regulating blood sugar.

  3. State true or false:
    Production of various useful aquatic organisms with the help of water is called blue revolution.
    Answer: True
    Explanation: The blue revolution refers to the increase in the production of aquatic life for food and economic purposes.

  4. Write the full form of WHO.
    Answer: World Health Organization

  5. Match the pair:

‘A’‘B’
Male(a) 44 + XX
 (b) 44 + XY
 (c) 44 + YY

Answer:

‘A’‘B’
Male(b) 44 + XY
Question 2 (A): Give scientific reasons (any two) (4 Marks)

  1. Though tortoise lives on land as well as in water, it cannot be included in class-Amphibia.
    Answer: Tortoises belong to the class Reptilia because they have scales, lay eggs with hard shells, and breathe through lungs. Amphibians, in contrast, need moist skin and water for reproduction.

  2. Hydroelectric energy, solar energy, and wind energy are called renewable energies.
    Answer: These energies are replenishable and do not deplete over time. They are sustainable alternatives to non-renewable resources like fossil fuels.

  3. We feel tired after exercise.
    Answer: During exercise, the body uses up stored energy, and lactic acid builds up in muscles, causing fatigue.

Question 2 (B): Answer any three of the following (6 Marks)

  1. Write four adverse effects of radiations on the human body.
    Answer: Radiation can cause genetic mutations, increased risk of cancer, damage to cells and tissues, and weakened immune systems.

  2. Redraw and complete the given chart.

factors affecting the social health for set 1

Answer:

  1. Family Environment

    1. A supportive and understanding family promotes good social health.
    2. Negative family relationships can cause stress and isolation.

  2. Friendship and Social Circle

    1. Good friends improve communication and emotional stability.
    2. Toxic friendships may lead to low self-esteem and stress.

  3. Community and Society

    1. Participation in community events fosters a sense of belonging.
    2. Social discrimination can negatively affect mental well-being.

  4. Work-Life Balance

    1. Proper work-life balance enhances relationships and reduces stress.
    2. Excess workload or poor relationships at work can harm social health.
    3.  

3. Write any four important facts which must be thought over while considering the scope of disaster.
Answer:

      1. Identification of vulnerable areas.
      2. Risk assessment and mitigation planning.
      3. Emergency response measures.
      4. Awareness and training for the community.

4. Name two fuels obtained by microbial processes. Why is it necessary to increase the use of such fuels?
Answer: Biogas and ethanol. These fuels are renewable, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and decrease dependence on fossil fuels.

5. What is DNA fingerprinting? Where is it mainly useful?
Answer: DNA fingerprinting is a technique to identify individuals based on unique DNA patterns. It is used in forensic science, paternity tests, and genetic research.

Question 3: Answer any five (15 Marks)

  1. (a) What are vitamins?
    Answer: Vitamins are essential organic compounds required in small quantities for normal growth, development, and maintenance of health.

    (b) Classify them according to their solubility.
    Answer:

    1. Fat-soluble vitamins: Vitamins A, D, E, and K.
    2. Water-soluble vitamins: Vitamins B-complex and C.

    (c) Give one example of each type as per above classification.
    Answer:

    1. Fat-soluble: Vitamin D (Cholecalciferol).
    2. Water-soluble: Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid).

  2. Explain the following terms:

    (a) Stem cells
    Answer: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into specialized cells such as muscle, nerve, or blood cells.

    (b) Cloning
    Answer: Cloning is a process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell, often used in genetic research and agriculture.

    (c) Genetically modified crops
    Answer: These are crops that have been altered through genetic engineering to improve yield, pest resistance, and environmental tolerance.

  3. Complete the given paragraph by filling the blank spaces from the options given in the bracket:
    [oxygen, pyridines, mechanical, CO₂, petroleum, fatal, polyester, norcadia]

    Paragraph Completion:
    Spilling of petroleum oil occurs in the ocean due to various reasons. This oil may prove fatal and toxic to aquatic organisms. It is not easy to remove the oil layer from the surface of water by mechanical methods. However, bacteria like Pseudomonas spp. and Alcanovorax borkumensis have the ability to destroy the petroleum and other chemicals. Hence, these bacteria are used to clear the oil spills. These are called hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria (HCB). HCB decompose the hydrocarbons and bring about the reaction of carbon with oxygen. CO₂ and water are formed in this process.

  4. Observe the given picture and answer the questions:

(a) Identify the given diagram.
Answer: The diagram represents a hydropower project.

(b) What is the source of energy in this project?
Answer: The source of energy is flowing water.

(c) Why is this source supposed to be ecofriendly?
Answer: Hydropower is ecofriendly because it uses renewable resources and does not emit greenhouse gases during energy generation.

5. Complete the following chart:

hobbies to overcome stress chart for set 1

Answer:

  1. Gardening

    1. Spending time with plants improves mood and reduces anxiety.
    2. It offers a sense of accomplishment and connection with nature.

  2. Painting/Drawing

    1. Engaging in art enhances creativity and acts as a calming activity.
    2. It helps express emotions and distracts from stressful thoughts.

  3. Listening to Music

    1. Music therapy reduces cortisol levels and relieves tension.
    2. It creates a relaxing environment and improves mental clarity.

  4. Reading Books

    1. Immersing in a story provides a mental escape from worries.
    2. It enhances focus and reduces feelings of stress.

  5. Exercising/Yoga

    1. Physical activities release endorphins, improving overall mood.
    2. Yoga and mindfulness practices promote relaxation and inner peace.

  6. Cooking/Baking

    1. Preparing meals offers a creative outlet and a sense of achievement.
    2. It engages the mind in productive work and reduces stress.

6. Write names of any six materials which are to be in the first aid box.
Answer:

    1. Antiseptic cream.
    2. Bandages.
    3. Cotton wool.
    4. Pain relief spray.
    5. Adhesive tape.
    6. Scissors.

7. (a) Define vestigial organs.
Answer: Vestigial organs are the remnants of structures that were functional in an ancestor but have lost their original function in the present organism.

(b) Write names of any two vestigial organs in the human body.
Answer: The appendix and wisdom teeth.

(c) Write the name of those animals in which these vestigial organs are functional.
Answer:

    1. Appendix is functional in herbivores like rabbits.
    2. Wisdom teeth are functional in early human ancestors for chewing tough food.

8. Read the statements and answer accordingly:

(a) Calcareous spines are present on the body. Tube feet are used for locomotion and capturing prey also. — Identify the phylum and give one example.
Answer:

  1. Phylum: Echinodermata.
  2. Example: Starfish.

(b) I live in your small intestine. Pseudocoelom is present in my thread-like body. — Identify the phylum and give one example.
Answer:

  1. Phylum: Nematoda.
  2. Example: Ascaris (roundworm).

(c) My body is spindle-shaped. I respire with the help of gills. — Identify my class and give one example.
Answer:

    1. Class: Pisces.
    2. Example: Rohu (fish).
Question 4: Answer any one (5 Marks)

  1. Answer the following questions based on the human male reproductive system:

    (a) In which organ sperms are formed?
    Answer: Sperms are formed in the testes.

    (b) What is the length of a sperm?
    Answer: The length of a sperm is approximately 0.05 mm.

    (c) What is the work of vas deferens?
    Answer: The vas deferens transports sperms from the epididymis to the urethra.

    (d) By which type of cell division are sperms formed?
    Answer: Sperms are formed by meiosis.

    (e) Name any two unpaired organs of the male reproductive system.
    Answer: The prostate gland and the urethra.

  2. Answer the following questions based on environmental conservation and biodiversity:

  3. Answer the following questions based on the human male reproductive system:

    (a) In which organ sperms are formed?
    Answer: Sperms are formed in the testes.

    (b) What is the length of a sperm?
    Answer: The length of a sperm is approximately 0.05 mm.

    (c) What is the work of vas deferens?
    Answer: The vas deferens transports sperms from the epididymis to the urethra.

    (d) By which type of cell division are sperms formed?
    Answer: Sperms are formed by meiosis.

    (e) Name any two unpaired organs of the male reproductive system.
    Answer: The prostate gland and the urethra.

  4. Answer the following questions based on environmental conservation and biodiversity:

    (a) Complete the flow chart.

Answer:

  1. Critically Endangered (CR)

    1. Species facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
    2. Examples include the Javan Rhino and Vaquita Porpoise.

  2. Endangered (EN)

    1. Species at a very high risk of extinction in the near future.
    2. Examples include the Bengal Tiger and Blue Whale.

  3. Vulnerable (VU)

    1. Species likely to become endangered unless circumstances improve.
    2. Examples include the African Elephant and Polar Bear.

  4. Near Threatened (NT)

    1. Species close to becoming vulnerable but not yet considered endangered.
    2. Examples include the Leopard and Emperor Penguin.
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